Unit Introduction Aims Learners should be in a position to understand Rwandan buying and selling mechanism. Prerequisites Learners should be able to make use of the vocabulary they have learned in unit two and be familiar with the question "ngahe" (how much) as they will be involved in asking prices of the items in the market. Detailed Description The activity of buying and selling goods and various commodities was one of the essential activities for Rwandans for a number of centuries. In the course of buying and selling commodities, the bargaining power is generally exercised until they get to the point of mutual satisfaction in terms of the exchanged for commodities. Traditionally, Rwandan market was divided into specialized and non-specialized market. In a specialized market, sellers were identified on the basis of the line of craft skills the family was good at. For example, they were dress makers (abakannyi), basket makers (ababoshyi b’ibitebo n’inkangara), mate makers (ababoshyi b’ibirago), pot makers (ababumbyi b’inkono n’ibibindi), blacksmiths (abacuzi), jewelry makers, etc. In a non-organized market, people would meet at a public place called “isoko” (market) and exchange goods and commodities for an agreed upon value suitable to their respective needs. The barter system used to be the most convenient to Rwandans. They had different units of measures to facilitate the market transactions that were taking place in the market places on regular basis. For example, the measure for selling grains was “akebo or icyibo”. However, in modern market where monetary system prevails, the way the market is conducted has dramatically changed as it brought into the market more facilities in the process of buying and selling commodities for realistic and fair exchange values. The common factor in both traditional and modern market is that buyers beat the sellers prices down until they get the right prices. There is no such a thing as “fixed price” as far as Rwandan market concept is concerned. Estimated Time ≈3.00hours Objectives know different kinds of beverages available in Rwanda know different kinds of food sold in Rwanda. know how to negotiate with the vendor. Required Materials Pencil, pen, notebook, calculator, media audio-visual system Assessment: Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa 'food and beverages' Dialogue: A conversation between Kamali and Rufaranga Grammar: Types of negation in Kinyarwanda and Idioms based on the verb 'kugira' Lead-in: Mu isoko 'in the market' Passage: Guciririkanya mu isoko Summary: Guciririkanya no guhaha (Negotiation and shopping) Vocabulary: Ibyokunywa n'ibyokurya 'Beverages and food items' Student Notes: Listening the dialogue attentively. Student Notes: Listening the dialogue attentively. Student Notes: Negotiation and bargaining process in a Rwandan market. Book traversal links for Unit 5: Guciririkanya no guhaha (Negotiation and shopping) ‹ Teacher Notes: To identify kitchen objects. Up Assessment: Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa 'food and beverages' ›