ምዕራፍኣርባዕተ ( me’raf Arba=ate) LESSON -4

Objective

GREETINGS

Introduction

Greetings in Tigrigna are basically of two types. There are few that could be used in all occasions like “dehan’do”, “selam” and so on; other expressions are related to the time of day when the greetings is expressed.

Lesson Vocabulary

እግዚሄር ይመስገን ig’z’her y’mesgen		Thanks God
የቐንየለይ (Yekeni-yeley)		Thank you
ደሓን ኣለኹ Dehan Aleku		I am doing fine
ጹቡቕ Tsebuk		Good
ጹቡቕ ሌላ SbuQ le’la		Pleased to meet you
‘ውን Also, too		win ( added to the end of the word)

Lesson Conversation:

Lesson Monologue

Lesson Note

Grammar Notes

Unit 1: Greeting used in all occasions/ሰላምታ ኣብ ኩሉ ኣጋጣሚታት

Type1: Those used in all occasions./ ሰላምታ ኣብ ኩሉ ኣጋጣሚታት

English	Equivalent in Tigrigna	Response back in Tigrigna
Hi or Hello	ሰላም	selam
	መርሓባ	Merha’ba
	ደሐን’ዶ	Dehan’do (inf)
How are you How have you been	ከመይ ኣሎኻ	Tsebuk
How are you How have you been	ከመይ ኣሎኺ	Tsebuk
How are you guys	ከመይ ኣለኹም	Tsebuk (inf)
We are doing fine	ደሓን ኣለና	Dehan Alena
Good bye	ደሓን ቀኒ ደሓን ቀንዪ ደሓን ቀንዩ ደሓን ቀንያ	deHan Quen (m), de’Han Que-ni (f) de’Han Que-nu (m,pl) de’Han Que-na(f,pl)

Unit 2: Greeting relates to the time of a day/ሰላምታት ኣብ ዝተፈላለየ መዓልቲ

Type2:The kind of expression relates to the time of a day when the greetings is expressed (formal and polite register).

Greetings in the morning: Greetings expressed when meeting someone in the morning after at least one nights absence. (Good morning is its equivalent in English). ሰላምታ ንሰብ ኣብ ንጉሆ ክትረኽቦ ከለኻ ድሕሪ ሓደ ለይቲ (ከመይ ሓዲርካ ከም ኢንግሊሽ)

	ትግርኛ
2^nd Person singular (m)	ከመይ ሓዲርካ	Kemey Hadir-ka
2^nd Person singular (f)	ከመይ ሓዲርኪ	Kemey Hadir-ki
3^rd Person singular (m)	ከመይ ሓዲሩ	Kemey Hadi’ru
3^rd Person singular (f)	ከመይ ሓዲራ	Kemey Hadi’ra
1^st Person plural	ከመይ ሓዲርና	Kemey Hadi’rna
2^nd Person Plural (m)	ከመይ ሓዲርኩም	Kemey Hadir-kum
2^nd Person Plural (f)	ከመይ ሓዲርክን	Kemey Hadir-kin
3^rd Person plural (m)	ከመይ ሓዲሮም	Kemey Hadi’rom
3^rd Person plural (f)	ከመይ ሓዲረን	Kemey Hadi’ren

Daytime: Greetings expressed when meeting someone in the daytime after at least one night is absence. (“Good afternoon” is its equivalent in English)

ሰላምታ ንሰብ ኣብ ቀትሪ ክትረኽቦ ከለኻ ድሕሪ ሓደ ለይቲ (ከመይ ዊዕልካ ልክዕ ከም ኢንግሊሽ)

1^st person singular (m)	ትግርኛ
1^st person singular (f)	-
2^nd Person singular (m)	ከመይ ውዒልካ?	Kemey wi’El’-ka
2^nd Person singular (f)	ከመይ ውዒልኪ?	Kemey wi’El’-ki
3^rd Person singular (m)	ከመይ ውዒሉ?	Kemey wi’El’u
3^rd Person singular (f)	ከመይ ውዒላ?	Kemey wi’El’a
1^st Person plural	ከመይ ውዒልና?	Kemey wi’El’na
2^nd Person Plural (m)	ከመይ ውዒልኩም?	Kemey wi’El’-kum
2^nd Person Plural (f)	ከመይ ውዒልክን?	Kemey wi’El’-kin
3^rd Person plural (m)	ከመይ ውዒሎም?	Kemey wi’El’om
3^rd Person plural (f)	ከመይ ውዒለን?	Kemey wi’El’en

Unit 3: Greeting relates to the time of evening/ሰላምታ ናይ ኣጋ ምሸት

Evening: Greetings expressed when meeting someone in the evening after at least one night is absence. (“Good evening” is its equivalent in English)./ ሰላምታ ንሓደ ሰብ ኣብ ኣጋ ምሸት ክትረኽቦ ከለኻ

	ትግርኛ-
2^nd Person singular (m)	ከመይ ኣምሲኻ?	Kemey amisi-ka
2^nd Person singular (f)	ከመይ ኣምሲኺ?	Kemey amisi-ki
3^rd Person singular (m)	ከመይ ኣምስዩ?	Kemey amisi’u
3^rd Person singular (f)	ከመይ ኣምሲያ?	Kemey amisi’a
1^st Person plural	ከመይ ኣምሲና?	Kemey amisi’na
2^nd Person Plural (m)	ከመይ ኣምሲኹም?	Kemey amisi-kum
2^nd Person Plural (f)	ከመይ ኣምሲኽን?	Kemey amisi-kin
3^rd Person plural (m)	ከመይ ኣምሲዮም?	Kemey amisi’om
3^rd Person plural (f)	ከመይ ኣምስየን?	Kemey amisi’en

Late Evening: ሰላምታ ኣብ ኣጋ ምሸት The specific expressions are given below.

ዝርዝራዊ መግለጺ ኣብ ታሕቲ ተዋሂቡ ኣሎ

	ትግርኛ-
2^nd Person singular (m)	ደሓን ሕደር	deHan H’der
2^nd Person singular (f)	ደሓን ሕደሪ	deHan H’de-ri
3^rd Person singular (m)	ደሓን ሕደር	deHan H’der
3^rd Person singular (f)	ደሓን ሕደሪ	deHan H’de-ri
1^st Person plural	ደሓን ንሕደር	deHan n’H’der
2^nd Person Plural (m)	ደሓን ሕደሩ	deHan H’deru
2^nd Person Plural (f)	ደሓን ሕደራ	deHan H’dera
3^rd Person plural (m)	ደሓን ይ’ሕደሩ	deHan y’H’deru
3^rd Person plural (f)	ደሓን ይ’ሕደራ	deHan y’H’dera

ምዕራፍኣርባዕተ ( me’raf Arba=ate) LESSON -4

Lesson Vocabulary

Lesson Vocabulary

Lesson Conversation:

Lesson Monologue

Lesson Note

Grammar Notes

Lesson Exercise